Across Bangladesh, NCDs are estimated to account for 67% of all deaths, these predominately are cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, and chronic respiratory disease. NCD risk factors such as poor diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use and high blood pressure are identified among urban adults in Bangaldesh. The presence of NCDs among urban slum dwellers worsens their already poor quality living standards, and illness can exaerbate financial hardships of families.

Provision of urban primary health care falls under the remit of the Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Co-operatives (MoLGRD), who have many competing priorities, and health is only one of their remits. Whilst the government has prioritised NCDs in strategies and policy, implementing protocols at the primary care level in urban areas remains challenging, and NCD care remains mostly absent. Rapid urbalisation has led to increased demand for primary healthcare, and the number of providers, across all the sectors, including public, private, NGOs, has also increased, however the diverse providers has also meant a diverse data system, and the lack of a unified health information platform makes moniitoring of health indicators and informed decision making difficult, also causing a lack of standardized care for NCD patients.